Câu điều kiện loại 1 trong tiếng Anh: Công thức, cách dùng và bài tập áp dụng – Kiến Thức Tiếng Anh
Sau bài câu điều kiện loại 0, hôm nay các bạn hãy cùng Kienthuctienganh tìm hiểu một loại câu điều kiện cơ bản nhất trong chuỗi ngữ pháp câu điều kiện, đó chính là câu điều kiện loại 1.
1. Định nghĩa
Câu điều kiện loại 1 là câu điều kiện có thực ở hiện tại, diễn tả một sự việc có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.
2. Cấu trúc – Công thức
If clause
Main clause
If + S + Simple present
S + Simple future
If + S + Am/is/are
S + Will/can/must/may… + V_inf
V(s/es)
Ex: If she studies hard,
she will pass the exam.
Để thuận tiện trong việc học thuộc công thức, Kienthuctienganh chia sẻ cho bạn đọc câu thần chú của câu điều kiện loại 1 là "Mệnh đề if chia thì hiện tại, mệnh đề chính chia thì tương lai".
Ngoài ra, "will" còn có thể thay bằng "must/ should/ have to/ ought to/ can/ may" trong một số trường hợp.
3. Cách dùng
Chú ý: Khi đổi một câu điều kiện với từ nối IF sang UNLESS, lưu ý không được đổi sang thể phủ định khi dùng UNLESS (unless….not) mà phải đổi mệnh đề chính sang thể ngược lại.
Ex: If I have money, I will buy this car.
→ Unless I have money, I will not buy this car.
4. Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 1
Should + S + (not) + V_inf
Ex: If he comes, tell him to wait for me.
→ Should he come, tell him to wait for me.
5. Các biến thể của câu điều kiện loại 1
a. Biến thể mệnh đề chính:
b. Biến thể mệnh đề IF:
6. Bài tập
Exercise 1: Put the verbs in the brackets in the correct tense
1) If I _____ (study), I _____ (pass) the exams.
2) If the sun _____ (shine), we _____ (walk) to the town.
3) If he _____ (have) a temperature, he _____ (see) the doctor.
4) If my friends _____ (come), I _____ (be) very happy.
5) If she _____ (earn) a lot of money, she _____ (fly) to New York.
6) If we _____ ( travel) to London, we _____ (visit) the museums.
7) If you _____ (wear) sandals in the mountains, you _____ (slip) on the rocks.
8) If Rita _____ (forget) her homework, the teacher _____ (give) her a low mark.
9) If they _____ (go) to the disco, they _____ (listen) to loud music.
10) If you _____ (wait) a minute, I _____ (ask) my parents.
4) If my friends _____ (come), I _____ (be) very happy.5) If she _____ (earn) a lot of money, she _____ (fly) to New York.6) If we _____ ( travel) to London, we _____ (visit) the museums.7) If you _____ (wear) sandals in the mountains, you _____ (slip) on the rocks.8) If Rita _____ (forget) her homework, the teacher _____ (give) her a low mark.9) If they _____ (go) to the disco, they _____ (listen) to loud music.10) If you _____ (wait) a minute, I _____ (ask) my parents.
Exercise 2: Using the given information, make conditional sentences using “IF”
1. Rita might fail her driving test. But she can take it again.
_____________________________________________
2. Liverpool might lose. If they do, Terry will be upset.
_____________________________________________
3. The office may be closed. In that case, Mike won't be able to get in.
_____________________________________________
4. Cathy may arrive a bit early. If she does, she can help her mother to get things ready.
_______________________________________
5. The party might go on all night. If it does, no one will want to do any work tomorrow.
_____________________________________________
6. Alice may miss the train. But she can get the next one.
_____________________________________________
7. Is Jack going to enter the race? He'll probably win it.
_____________________________________________
8. Stop talking or you won’t understand the lesson
_____________________________________________
9. Fail to pay and they will cut off the electricity.
_____________________________________________
10. Don’t touch that wire or you may get an electric shock.
_____________________________________________
Exercise 3: Put the verbs in the brackets in the correct tense
1. David will leave for Rent tomorrow if the weather _____ (be) fine.
2. What will you do if you _____ (not / go) away for the weekend ?
3. The game _____ (start) if you put a coin in the slot.
4. If you _____ (be) scared of spiders, don’t go into the garden.
5. We’ll have to go without John if he ( not arrive) _____soon.
6. Please don’t disturb him if he_____ (be) busy.
7. If she _____ (accept) your card and roses, things will be very much hopeful.
8. If a holiday_____ (fall) on a weekend, go to the beach.
9. If she (come) _____ late again, she’ll lose her job.
10. If he (wash) _____my car, I’ll give him $20.
11. He’ll be late for the train if he (not start) _____ at once.
12. If I lend you $100, when you (repay) _____me?
13. Unless I have a quiet room I (not be able) _____to do any work.
14. If we leave the car here, it (not be) _____ in anybody’s way.
15. Someone (steal) _____ your car if you leave it unlocked.
16. Unless he (sell) _____more, he won’t get much commission.
17. If you come late, they (not let) _____you in.
18. If you (not go) _____away I’ll send for the police.
19. If he _____ (eat) all that, he will be ill.
20. What _____ (happen) if my parachute does not open?
Exercise 4: Using the inversion in conditional sentence
1. If you call him immediately, he will come.
2. If it rains, we won't go cycling to the museum.
3. If he gets sick, he will see the doctor.
4. If you don’t come, I will be very sad.
5. If she earns a lot of money, she will fly to New York.
Exercise 5: Put the verbs in the brackets in the correct tense
1) If we ________ (send) an invitation, our friends _________ (come) to our party.
2) He __________ (not/ understand) you if you _________ (whisper).
3) They __________ (not/ survive) in the desert if they __________ (not/take) extra water with them.
4) If you __________ (press) CTRL + s, you __________ (save) the file.
5) You __________ (cross) the Channel if you __________ (fly) from Paris to London.
6) Fred __________ (answer) the phone if his wife __________ (have) a bath.
7) If Claire __________ (wear) this dress at the party, our guests __________ (not/stay) any longer.
8) If I __________ (touch) this snake, my girlfriend __________ (not/ scream).
9) She __________ (forget) to pick you up if you __________ (not/phone) her.
10) I __________ (remember) you if you __________ (give) me a photo
7) If Claire __________ (wear) this dress at the party, our guests __________ (not/stay) any longer.8) If I __________ (touch) this snake, my girlfriend __________ (not/ scream).9) She __________ (forget) to pick you up if you __________ (not/phone) her.10) I __________ (remember) you if you __________ (give) me a photo
Exercise 6: Rewrite the following sentences as directed
1. If she should come, tell her to wait for me. (using inversion with SHOULD)
……………………………………………………………………………………
2. If I don’t come here early, I will miss the bus.
→ Unless………………………………………………………………………
3. If he doesn’t do that, he will get bonus.
→ Unless………………………………………………………………………
4. If she doesn’t water these trees, they will die
→ Unless………………………………………………………………………
5. I only come if they invite me.
→ Unless………………………………………………………………………
6. In case it rains, we’ll stay at home. (if)
……………………………………………………………………………………
7. If you don’t leave the office, I will call the police. (or)
……………………………………………………………………………………
8. You can’t visit Paris unless you get a visa. (If)
……………………………………………………………………………………
7. Đáp án
Exercise 1: Put the verbs in the brackets in the correct tense
1. If I study, I will pass the exams.
2. If the sun shines, we will walk to the town.
3. If he has a temperature, he will see the doctor.
4. If my friends come, I will be very happy.
5. If she earns a lot of money, she will fly to New York.
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